What are the different types of Garbage Collection?

In Java, there are several types of garbage collection algorithms that can be used to reclaim memory used by objects that are no longer needed by the application. The different types of garbage collection algorithms available in Java are:

  1. Serial Garbage Collection: This is the simplest and oldest form of garbage collection in Java. It uses a single thread to scan the heap and collect objects that are no longer needed. This type of garbage collection is suitable for small applications with low memory requirements.

  2. Parallel Garbage Collection: This garbage collection algorithm uses multiple threads to scan the heap and collect objects that are no longer needed. This type of garbage collection is faster than serial garbage collection and is suitable for larger applications.

  3. Concurrent Mark Sweep (CMS) Garbage Collection: This algorithm is designed to minimize pauses in the application by performing garbage collection concurrently with the application's execution. CMS garbage collection works by marking live objects in the heap and sweeping away the dead objects in a separate thread.

  4. G1 Garbage Collection: This garbage collection algorithm is designed to handle very large heaps and can perform garbage collection concurrently with the application's execution. G1 garbage collection divides the heap into multiple regions and uses heuristics to decide which regions to collect first.

  5. Shenandoah Garbage Collection: This garbage collection algorithm is designed to minimize the pauses caused by garbage collection in large heaps. It uses multiple threads to scan the heap and can perform garbage collection concurrently with the application's execution.
Each of these garbage collection algorithms has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of which one to use will depend on the specific requirements of the application being developed.

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